TuxDMX-WebUI/backend/app/bpm/service.py

from __future__ import annotations

import asyncio
import math
import sys
from array import array
from collections import deque
from dataclasses import dataclass
from datetime import UTC, datetime
from statistics import fmean, median
from time import monotonic
from typing import Any

from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession, async_sessionmaker

from app.core.database import SessionLocal
from app.models.entities import Setting


BPM_AUDIO_SETTING_KEY = "bpm_audio"
AUTO_ALSA_DEVICE = "alsa:auto"
SB_ALIAS_DEVICE = "alsa:plughw:CARD=SB,DEV=0"
SB_FALLBACK_DEVICE = "alsa:plughw:1,0"
DEFAULT_ALSA_DEVICE = "alsa:default"
DEFAULT_SAMPLE_RATE = 44_100
DEFAULT_CHANNELS = 1
DEFAULT_AUDIO_FORMAT = "S16_LE"


@dataclass(slots=True)
class AudioDevice:
    id: str
    name: str
    backend: str
    is_default: bool = False
    recommended: bool = False


class BeatAnalyzer:
    def __init__(self, sample_rate: int = DEFAULT_SAMPLE_RATE, window_size: int = 1024) -> None:
        self.sample_rate = sample_rate
        self.window_size = window_size
        self._buffer = array("h")
        self._processed_samples = 0
        self._last_trigger_sample = -sample_rate
        self._energy_history: deque[float] = deque(maxlen=48)
        self._beat_times: deque[float] = deque(maxlen=16)
        self.bpm = 120.0
        self.confidence = 0.0
        self.last_beat_at: float | None = None
        self.current_level = 0.0
        self.peak_level = 0.0
        self.clipping = False

    def feed_pcm16(self, chunk: bytes) -> tuple[float, float] | None:
        samples = array("h")
        samples.frombytes(chunk[: len(chunk) - (len(chunk) % 2)])
        if sys.byteorder != "little":
            samples.byteswap()
        self._buffer.extend(samples)

        updated = False
        while len(self._buffer) >= self.window_size:
            window = self._buffer[: self.window_size]
            del self._buffer[: self.window_size]
            updated = self._process_window(window) or updated
            self._processed_samples += len(window)

        if updated:
            return self.bpm, self.confidence
        return None

    def _process_window(self, window: array[int]) -> bool:
        if not window:
            return False

        energy = math.sqrt(sum(sample * sample for sample in window) / len(window)) / 32768.0
        peak = max(abs(sample) for sample in window) / 32768.0
        self.current_level = round(max(max(0.0, min(1.0, energy)), self.current_level * 0.82), 4)
        self.peak_level = round(max(peak, self.peak_level * 0.92), 4)
        self.clipping = peak >= 0.985
        baseline = fmean(self._energy_history) if self._energy_history else 0.03
        threshold = max(0.08, baseline * 2.4)
        self._energy_history.append(energy)

        min_interval = int(self.sample_rate * 0.2)
        if energy < threshold or self._processed_samples - self._last_trigger_sample < min_interval:
            return False

        timestamp = self._processed_samples / self.sample_rate
        self._beat_times.append(timestamp)
        self._last_trigger_sample = self._processed_samples
        self.last_beat_at = timestamp

        if len(self._beat_times) < 2:
            return False

        intervals = [
            self._beat_times[index] - self._beat_times[index - 1]
            for index in range(1, len(self._beat_times))
        ]
        beat_seconds = median(intervals)
        if beat_seconds <= 0:
            return False

        bpm = self._normalize_bpm(60.0 / beat_seconds)
        jitter = 0.0
        if len(intervals) > 1:
            average = fmean(intervals)
            jitter = fmean(abs(interval - average) for interval in intervals)
        self.bpm = round(bpm, 2)
        regularity = max(0.0, 1.0 - min(jitter / max(beat_seconds, 0.001), 1.0))
        self.confidence = round(min(1.0, regularity * min(1.0, len(intervals) / 6)), 3)
        return True

    def _normalize_bpm(self, bpm: float) -> float:
        while bpm < 70.0:
            bpm *= 2.0
        while bpm > 180.0:
            bpm /= 2.0
        return bpm


class BpmService:
    def __init__(self, session_factory: async_sessionmaker[AsyncSession] = SessionLocal) -> None:
        self._session_factory = session_factory
        self.mode = "manual"
        self.current_bpm = 120.0
        self.confidence = 1.0
        self.last_error: str | None = None
        self.audio_connected = False
        self.current_device = "manual"
        self.selected_device = AUTO_ALSA_DEVICE
        self.recommended_device = SB_ALIAS_DEVICE
        self.beat_counter = 0
        self.last_beat_detected_at: float | None = None
        self._tap_times: list[float] = []
        self._manual_bpm = 120.0
        self._audio_task: asyncio.Task[None] | None = None
        self._audio_process: asyncio.subprocess.Process | None = None
        self._analyzer = BeatAnalyzer()
        self._device_cache: list[dict[str, object]] = [
            self._serialize_device(
                AudioDevice(
                    id=AUTO_ALSA_DEVICE,
                    name="Auto (SB -> plughw:CARD=SB,DEV=0 -> plughw:1,0 -> default)",
                    backend="alsa",
                    is_default=True,
                )
            ),
            self._serialize_device(AudioDevice(id=DEFAULT_ALSA_DEVICE, name="ALSA default", backend="alsa")),
            self._serialize_device(
                AudioDevice(id="synthetic-click-track", name="Syntetisk click track", backend="synthetic")
            ),
        ]

    async def startup(self) -> None:
        await self._load_config()
        await self.list_devices()

    async def shutdown(self) -> None:
        await self.stop_audio()

    def set_manual(self, bpm: float) -> dict[str, object]:
        self._manual_bpm = float(bpm)
        self.mode = "manual"
        self.current_device = "manual"
        self.current_bpm = round(float(bpm), 2)
        self.confidence = 1.0
        self.audio_connected = False
        self.last_error = None
        self._cancel_audio_runtime()
        return self.snapshot()

    def tap(self) -> dict[str, object]:
        now = monotonic()
        self._tap_times = [value for value in self._tap_times if now - value < 4.0]
        self._tap_times.append(now)
        if len(self._tap_times) >= 2:
            intervals = [
                self._tap_times[index] - self._tap_times[index - 1]
                for index in range(1, len(self._tap_times))
            ]
            beat_seconds = median(intervals)
            if beat_seconds > 0:
                self.current_bpm = round(60 / beat_seconds, 2)
                self._manual_bpm = self.current_bpm
                self.mode = "tap"
                self.current_device = "tap"
                self.confidence = min(1.0, len(intervals) / 4)
                self.audio_connected = False
                self.last_error = None
                self._mark_beat_event()
        return self.snapshot()

    async def start_audio(self, device: str = AUTO_ALSA_DEVICE) -> dict[str, object]:
        await self.stop_audio()
        self._analyzer = BeatAnalyzer()
        normalized_device = self._normalize_device_id(device)
        self.mode = f"audio:{normalized_device}"
        self.current_device = "pending"
        self.confidence = 0.0
        self.audio_connected = False
        self.last_error = None

        if normalized_device == "synthetic-click-track":
            self._audio_task = asyncio.create_task(self._synthetic_click_loop(), name="tuxdmx-bpm-synthetic")
            return self.snapshot()

        if normalized_device.startswith("alsa:"):
            candidates = await self._resolve_alsa_candidates(normalized_device)
            self._audio_task = asyncio.create_task(
                self._alsa_capture_loop(candidates),
                name="tuxdmx-bpm-alsa",
            )
            return self.snapshot()

        raise LookupError(f"Ukendt BPM-device: {normalized_device}")

    async def stop_audio(self) -> dict[str, object]:
        self._cancel_audio_runtime()
        if self._audio_task is not None:
            try:
                await self._audio_task
            except asyncio.CancelledError:
                pass
        if self._audio_process is not None:
            try:
                await self._audio_process.wait()
            except ProcessLookupError:
                pass
        self._audio_task = None
        self._audio_process = None
        self.audio_connected = False
        if self.mode.startswith("audio:"):
            self.mode = "manual"
            self.current_device = "manual"
            self.current_bpm = self._manual_bpm
            self.confidence = 1.0
        return self.snapshot()

    async def get_config(self) -> dict[str, object]:
        return {
            "preferred_device": self.selected_device,
            "recommended_device": self.recommended_device,
            "sample_rate": DEFAULT_SAMPLE_RATE,
            "channels": DEFAULT_CHANNELS,
            "format": DEFAULT_AUDIO_FORMAT,
        }

    async def save_config(self, preferred_device: str) -> dict[str, object]:
        self.selected_device = self._normalize_device_id(preferred_device)
        await self.list_devices()
        payload = await self.get_config()
        async with self._session_factory() as session:
            setting = await session.get(Setting, BPM_AUDIO_SETTING_KEY)
            if setting is None:
                setting = Setting(key=BPM_AUDIO_SETTING_KEY, value=payload, updated_at=datetime.now(UTC))
                session.add(setting)
            else:
                setting.value = payload
                setting.updated_at = datetime.now(UTC)
            await session.commit()
        return await self.get_config()

    async def list_devices(self) -> list[dict[str, object]]:
        devices: list[AudioDevice] = []
        self._append_device(
            devices,
            AudioDevice(
                id=AUTO_ALSA_DEVICE,
                name="Auto (SB -> plughw:CARD=SB,DEV=0 -> plughw:1,0 -> default)",
                backend="alsa",
                is_default=True,
            ),
        )
        self._append_device(
            devices,
            AudioDevice(id="synthetic-click-track", name="Syntetisk click track", backend="synthetic"),
        )
        self._append_device(devices, AudioDevice(id=DEFAULT_ALSA_DEVICE, name="ALSA default", backend="alsa"))

        for device in await self._list_alsa_hardware_devices():
            self._append_device(devices, device)

        try:
            process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
                "arecord",
                "-L",
                stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
                stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
            )
        except (FileNotFoundError, NotImplementedError):
            self.recommended_device = self._pick_recommended_device(devices)
            for device in devices:
                device.recommended = device.id == self.recommended_device
            self._device_cache = [self._serialize_device(device) for device in devices]
            return self._device_cache

        stdout, _stderr = await process.communicate()
        if process.returncode == 0:
            for raw_line in stdout.decode("utf-8", errors="ignore").splitlines():
                line = raw_line.strip()
                if not line or line.startswith("#") or raw_line.startswith(" "):
                    continue
                self._append_device(devices, AudioDevice(id=f"alsa:{line}", name=line, backend="alsa"))

        self.recommended_device = self._pick_recommended_device(devices)
        for device in devices:
            device.recommended = device.id == self.recommended_device
        self._device_cache = [self._serialize_device(device) for device in devices]
        return self._device_cache

    def snapshot(self) -> dict[str, object]:
        return {
            "mode": self.mode,
            "bpm": round(self.current_bpm, 2),
            "confidence": round(self.confidence, 3),
            "devices": [str(device["id"]) for device in self._device_cache],
            "device_details": self._device_cache,
            "current_device": self.current_device,
            "selected_device": self.selected_device,
            "recommended_device": self.recommended_device,
            "audio_connected": self.audio_connected,
            "last_error": self.last_error,
            "last_beat_at": self._analyzer.last_beat_at,
            "last_beat_detected_at": self.last_beat_detected_at,
            "beat_counter": self.beat_counter,
            "input_level": round(self._analyzer.current_level, 4),
            "peak_level": round(self._analyzer.peak_level, 4),
            "clipping": self._analyzer.clipping,
            "sample_rate": DEFAULT_SAMPLE_RATE,
            "channels": DEFAULT_CHANNELS,
            "format": DEFAULT_AUDIO_FORMAT,
        }

    async def _alsa_capture_loop(self, candidates: list[str]) -> None:
        last_error: str | None = None
        for candidate in candidates:
            alsa_device = candidate.split(":", 1)[1]
            try:
                process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
                    "arecord",
                    "-D",
                    alsa_device,
                    "-q",
                    "-f",
                    DEFAULT_AUDIO_FORMAT,
                    "-c",
                    str(DEFAULT_CHANNELS),
                    "-r",
                    str(DEFAULT_SAMPLE_RATE),
                    "-t",
                    "raw",
                    stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
                    stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
                )
            except FileNotFoundError:
                self._fallback_to_manual("arecord blev ikke fundet på systemet.")
                return

            self._audio_process = process
            self.current_device = candidate
            self.mode = f"audio:{candidate}"
            connected_once = False
            stderr_output = b""

            try:
                if process.stdout is None:
                    last_error = "ALSA-capture kunne ikke starte."
                    continue
                while True:
                    chunk = await process.stdout.read(4096)
                    if not chunk:
                        break
                    connected_once = True
                    self.audio_connected = True
                    result = self._analyzer.feed_pcm16(chunk)
                    if result is None:
                        continue
                    bpm, confidence = result
                    self.current_bpm = bpm
                    self.confidence = confidence
                    self._mark_beat_event()
            except asyncio.CancelledError:
                if process.returncode is None:
                    process.terminate()
                    await process.wait()
                raise
            finally:
                if process.returncode is None:
                    process.terminate()
                    await process.wait()
                if process.stderr is not None:
                    stderr_output = await process.stderr.read()
                self._audio_process = None

            error = self._humanize_alsa_error(
                candidate,
                stderr_output.decode("utf-8", errors="ignore").strip(),
            )
            if connected_once:
                if self.mode.startswith("audio:"):
                    self._fallback_to_manual(error or "Audio-input stoppede.")
                return

            last_error = error or f"Kunne ikke åbne ALSA-input {alsa_device}."
            self.audio_connected = False

        if self.mode.startswith("audio:"):
            self._fallback_to_manual(last_error or "Audio-input stoppede.")

    async def _synthetic_click_loop(self) -> None:
        self.audio_connected = True
        click_interval = 0.5
        sample_rate = self._analyzer.sample_rate
        click_width = 2048
        silence_width = int(sample_rate * click_interval) - click_width
        amplitude = 22000

        click = array("h", [amplitude if index < 128 else 0 for index in range(click_width)])
        silence = array("h", [0] * max(0, silence_width))

        try:
            while True:
                self._feed_array(click)
                self._feed_array(silence)
                await asyncio.sleep(click_interval)
        except asyncio.CancelledError:
            raise
        finally:
            self.audio_connected = False

    def _feed_array(self, values: array[int]) -> None:
        if not values:
            return
        result = self._analyzer.feed_pcm16(values.tobytes())
        if result is None:
            return
        bpm, confidence = result
        self.current_bpm = bpm
        self.confidence = confidence
        self._mark_beat_event()

    def _cancel_audio_runtime(self) -> None:
        if self._audio_task is not None:
            self._audio_task.cancel()
        if self._audio_process is not None and self._audio_process.returncode is None:
            self._audio_process.terminate()

    def _fallback_to_manual(self, error: str) -> None:
        self.mode = "manual"
        self.current_device = "manual"
        self.current_bpm = self._manual_bpm
        self.confidence = 1.0
        self.audio_connected = False
        self.last_error = error
        self._analyzer.current_level = 0.0
        self._analyzer.peak_level = 0.0
        self._analyzer.clipping = False

    def _mark_beat_event(self) -> None:
        self.beat_counter += 1
        self.last_beat_detected_at = monotonic()

    def _serialize_device(self, device: AudioDevice) -> dict[str, Any]:
        return {
            "id": device.id,
            "name": device.name,
            "backend": device.backend,
            "is_default": device.is_default,
            "recommended": device.recommended,
        }

    async def _list_alsa_hardware_devices(self) -> list[AudioDevice]:
        try:
            process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
                "arecord",
                "-l",
                stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
                stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
            )
        except (FileNotFoundError, NotImplementedError):
            return []

        stdout, _stderr = await process.communicate()
        if process.returncode != 0:
            return []

        devices: list[AudioDevice] = []
        for raw_line in stdout.decode("utf-8", errors="ignore").splitlines():
            line = raw_line.strip()
            if not line or not line.startswith("card "):
                continue
            card = self._parse_card_line(line)
            device = self._parse_device_from_card_line(line)
            if card is None or device is None:
                continue
            card_index, card_key, card_name = card
            device_index, _device_key, device_name = device
            label = f"{card_name} / {device_name}" if device_name else card_name
            self._append_device(
                devices,
                AudioDevice(id=f"alsa:hw:{card_index},{device_index}", name=label, backend="alsa"),
            )
            self._append_device(
                devices,
                AudioDevice(
                    id=f"alsa:plughw:{card_index},{device_index}",
                    name=f"{label} (plughw)",
                    backend="alsa",
                ),
            )
            if card_key:
                self._append_device(
                    devices,
                    AudioDevice(
                        id=f"alsa:plughw:CARD={card_key},DEV={device_index}",
                        name=f"{label} (stabil alias)",
                        backend="alsa",
                    ),
                )
        return devices

    async def _load_config(self) -> None:
        async with self._session_factory() as session:
            setting = await session.get(Setting, BPM_AUDIO_SETTING_KEY)
        if setting is None or not isinstance(setting.value, dict):
            return
        preferred = setting.value.get("preferred_device")
        if isinstance(preferred, str) and preferred.strip():
            self.selected_device = self._normalize_device_id(preferred)

    async def _resolve_alsa_candidates(self, requested_device: str) -> list[str]:
        await self.list_devices()
        candidates: list[str] = []
        if requested_device == AUTO_ALSA_DEVICE:
            if self.selected_device != AUTO_ALSA_DEVICE:
                candidates.append(self.selected_device)
            candidates.extend([self.recommended_device, SB_ALIAS_DEVICE, SB_FALLBACK_DEVICE, DEFAULT_ALSA_DEVICE])
        else:
            candidates.append(requested_device)
            if requested_device == SB_ALIAS_DEVICE:
                candidates.extend([SB_FALLBACK_DEVICE, DEFAULT_ALSA_DEVICE])
            elif requested_device == SB_FALLBACK_DEVICE:
                candidates.append(DEFAULT_ALSA_DEVICE)

        unique_candidates: list[str] = []
        for candidate in candidates:
            normalized = self._normalize_device_id(candidate)
            if not normalized.startswith("alsa:"):
                continue
            if normalized not in unique_candidates:
                unique_candidates.append(normalized)
        return unique_candidates or [DEFAULT_ALSA_DEVICE]

    def _append_device(self, devices: list[AudioDevice], device: AudioDevice) -> None:
        if any(existing.id == device.id for existing in devices):
            return
        devices.append(device)

    def _pick_recommended_device(self, devices: list[AudioDevice]) -> str:
        preferred_ids = [SB_ALIAS_DEVICE, SB_FALLBACK_DEVICE, DEFAULT_ALSA_DEVICE]
        for preferred_id in preferred_ids:
            if any(device.id == preferred_id for device in devices):
                return preferred_id
        for device in devices:
            if "SB" in device.id.upper():
                return device.id
        return DEFAULT_ALSA_DEVICE

    def _normalize_device_id(self, device: str) -> str:
        normalized = device.strip() if device else AUTO_ALSA_DEVICE
        if not normalized:
            return AUTO_ALSA_DEVICE
        if normalized == "default":
            return DEFAULT_ALSA_DEVICE
        if normalized.startswith("alsa:") or normalized == "synthetic-click-track":
            return normalized
        if normalized.startswith("plughw:") or normalized.startswith("hw:"):
            return f"alsa:{normalized}"
        return f"alsa:{normalized}"

    def _humanize_alsa_error(self, candidate: str, error: str) -> str:
        if not error:
            return f"Audio-input {candidate.split(':', 1)[1]} stoppede."
        normalized = error.lower()
        if "device or resource busy" in normalized:
            return (
                "Mikrofonen er optaget af en anden proces. Luk PipeWire, PulseAudio eller en "
                "anden TuxDMX/arecord-proces, eller vælg et andet ALSA-input."
            )
        if "cannot get card index" in normalized or "no such file or directory" in normalized:
            return f"ALSA-input {candidate.split(':', 1)[1]} blev ikke fundet."
        if "audio open error" in normalized or "unable to open slave" in normalized:
            return f"Kunne ikke åbne ALSA-input {candidate.split(':', 1)[1]}."
        return error

    def _parse_card_line(self, line: str) -> tuple[str, str, str] | None:
        try:
            after_prefix = line.split("card ", 1)[1]
            card_index = after_prefix.split(":", 1)[0].strip()
            after_index = after_prefix.split(":", 1)[1]
            card_key = after_index.split("[", 1)[0].split(",", 1)[0].strip()
            card_name = after_index.split("[", 1)[1].split("]", 1)[0].strip()
            return card_index, card_key, card_name
        except IndexError:
            return None

    def _parse_device_from_card_line(self, line: str) -> tuple[str, str, str] | None:
        try:
            after_device = line.split("device ", 1)[1]
            device_index = after_device.split(":", 1)[0].strip()
            after_index = after_device.split(":", 1)[1]
            device_key = after_index.split("[", 1)[0].strip().rstrip(",")
            device_name = after_index.split("[", 1)[1].split("]", 1)[0].strip()
            return device_index, device_key, device_name
        except IndexError:
            return None